![]() ![]() ![]() The anode or negative electrode is usually graphite, although silicon-carbon is also being increasingly used. Most commercial Li-ion cells use intercalation compounds as active materials. ![]() Ĭhemistry, performance, cost, and safety characteristics vary across types of lithium-ion batteries. Compared to other rechargeable battery technologies, Li-ion batteries have high energy densities, low self-discharge, and no memory effect (although a small memory effect reported in LFP cells has been traced to poorly made cells). It also sees significant use for grid-scale energy storage and military and aerospace applications. It is the predominant battery type used in portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles. The electrolyte is typically a lithium salt in an organic solvent. The cathode (positive electrode) is typically a metal oxide. The anode (negative electrode) of a conventional lithium-ion cell is typically graphite made from carbon. ![]() A 3.6 V Li-ion battery from a Nokia 3310 mobile phoneġ00–265 Wh/kg (0.360–0.954 MJ/kg) Ġ.35% to 2.5% per month depending on state of charge ģ.6 / 3.7 / 3.8 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V, Li4Ti5O12 2.3 VĪ lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy. ![]()
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